Phaseolus vulgaris, also known as the common bean, is a species of legume native to Central and South America. Its range includes Mexico, Central America, and parts of South America, where it grows in a variety of habitats from dry tropical areas to cooler subtropical regions. Its edible beans can be white, black, red, purple, or brown and can be used in a variety of dishes. The common bean is an important crop and is widely cultivated around the world for its nutritional and culinary value.